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　　工(gong)藝酒瓶的實際測試和工(gong)藝技術(shu)

　　由(you)于工(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)(ping)實(shi)際(ji)測量(liang)的(de)(de)困難(nan)以(yi)及獲得(de)信息的(de)(de)有(you)限性(xing)，大多數情況下，實(shi)際(ji)測量(liang)數據還不足以(yi)用來(lai)診(zhen)斷工(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)(ping)熔窯熔制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)況，不足以(yi)用來(lai)確診(zhen)問題所在(zai)并為熔窯改(gai)(gai)造(zao)提供依據。工(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)(ping)在(zai)使用中具有(you)一定(ding)的(de)(de)形式和(he)原理(li)，保證能夠在(zai)一定(ding)的(de)(de)生產和(he)制(zhi)作(zuo)中產生重要(yao)的(de)(de)性(xing)能和(he)價值(zhi)。除了(le)對正在(zai)運(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)熔窯進行(xing)診(zhen)斷分(fen)析，有(you)時(shi)還要(yao)對新窯型以(yi)及工(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)(ping)技術(shu)改(gai)(gai)造(zao)新方(fang)案(an)進行(xing)論證，物理(li)模(mo)擬(ni)和(he)數值(zhi)模(mo)擬(ni)方(fang)法將是另(ling)外兩個十(shi)分(fen)有(you)效的(de)(de)方(fang)法。工(gong)(gong)藝酒瓶(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)測量(liang)和(he)工(gong)(gong)藝技術(shu)需(xu)要(yao)按照一定(ding)的(de)(de)方(fang)式和(he)原理(li)進行(xing)生產和(he)制(zhi)作(zuo)，按照一定(ding)的(de)(de)方(fang)式進行(xing)制(zhi)作(zuo)，保證在(zai)實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中的(de)(de)性(xing)能趨勢。

　　物理模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)方法是再現工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶(ping)熔(rong)窯(yao)中(zhong)玻(bo)璃液(ye)(ye)流動(dong)(dong)(dong)工(gong)(gong)況的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)方法之一。在流體力學(xue)領域(yu)大量使用模(mo)(mo)(mo)型實驗(yan)來(lai)研究工(gong)(gong)程問題。物理模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)以(yi)(yi)流體力學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相似(si)定律為指導，建(jian)立(li)對(dui)應熔(rong)窯(yao)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)酒(jiu)(jiu)瓶(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)液(ye)(ye)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)型，在相似(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)邊界條件作(zuo)用下，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)觀察、測(ce)量和(he)(he)拍攝(she)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)流動(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)和(he)(he)溫度(du)分布(bu)，通過(guo)改(gai)(gai)變方案，研究模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)玻(bo)璃液(ye)(ye)變化(hua)(hua)規律，幫助診斷窯(yao)型變化(hua)(hua)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)其它工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)參數(shu)(shu)變化(hua)(hua)引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)玻(bo)璃液(ye)(ye)流動(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)變化(hua)(hua)，確定相應流動(dong)(dong)(dong)形(xing)(xing)態(tai)對(dui)玻(bo)璃液(ye)(ye)熔(rong)制工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。例如研究飛(fei)機飛(fei)行(xing)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)浮力和(he)(he)阻力等動(dong)(dong)(dong)力學(xue)數(shu)(shu)據，不可(ke)能在天空上直接測(ce)量，只能采用相對(dui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)原理，通過(guo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)測(ce)試(shi)(shi)飛(fei)行(xing)中(zhong)空氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力學(xue)數(shu)(shu)據并進(jin)行(xing)改(gai)(gai)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo);研究水利工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)大壩(ba)和(he)(he)水與泥沙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相互作(zuo)用，模(mo)(mo)(mo)型試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)也(ye)是非常(chang)有(you)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具。熔(rong)窯(yao)中(zhong)玻(bo)璃液(ye)(ye)流運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)規律也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法來(lai)進(jin)行(xing)研究。

　　2006年工(gong)(gong)藝酒(jiu)瓶(ping)熔(rong)窯(yao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室為昆(kun)明(ming)玻璃(li)集(ji)團提供(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)玻璃(li)熔(rong)窯(yao)夾雜物產生原因(yin)的(de)(de)診(zhen)斷性研究服務(wu)，該問題困擾廠家一年半(ban)的(de)(de)時(shi)間，通過模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)試驗(yan)研究診(zhen)斷出了(le)(le)問題的(de)(de)關鍵所在(zai)，在(zai)診(zhen)斷的(de)(de)基礎(chu)(chu)上，廠家制(zhi)訂了(le)(le)合理(li)解(jie)(jie)決方案(an)，使熔(rong)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝障(zhang)礙迅(xun)速(su)好(hao)(hao)轉。除了(le)(le)對(dui)大(da)(da)型熔(rong)窯(yao)內玻璃(li)液流場(chang)和(he)溫度(du)場(chang)進行(xing)物理(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)之外(wai)，對(dui)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)窯(yao)進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)分布(bu)的(de)(de)物理(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)也是(shi)十分有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)，依據物理(li)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)可以(yi)獲得電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極布(bu)置、供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式、供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)參數(shu)，玻璃(li)液對(dui)流狀態以(yi)及溫度(du)分布(bu)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)多種(zhong)信息，用于(yu)指導(dao)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)窯(yao)的(de)(de)設(she)計和(he)解(jie)(jie)決熔(rong)制(zhi)障(zhang)礙的(de)(de)依據。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)比(bi)例模(mo)(mo)(mo)型預演了(le)(le)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)玻璃(li)窯(yao)地(di)運行(xing)工(gong)(gong)況，在(zai)直觀、感性和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器參數(shu)的(de)(de)可靠性上，比(bi)全(quan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熔(rong)數(shu)值模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)更加優越。在(zai)長期的(de)(de)為玻璃(li)行(xing)業提供(gong)(gong)技(ji)術服務(wu)基礎(chu)(chu)上，同(tong)濟大(da)(da)學材(cai)料學院的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)藝酒(jiu)瓶(ping)模(mo)(mo)(mo)擬(ni)(ni)實(shi)(shi)驗(yan)室形(xing)成(cheng)了(le)(le)自己特色的(de)(de)解(jie)(jie)釋玻璃(li)熔(rong)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝過程的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程理(li)論假設(she)，這(zhe)(zhe)些基于(yu)試驗(yan)和(he)實(shi)(shi)踐的(de)(de)理(li)論假設(she)為大(da)(da)型熔(rong)窯(yao)中工(gong)(gong)藝酒(jiu)瓶(ping)熔(rong)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝問題提供(gong)(gong)了(le)(le)很(hen)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)分析基礎(chu)(chu)。經過實(shi)(shi)踐檢驗(yan)，依據部(bu)分理(li)論假設(she)的(de)(de)熔(rong)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝特性預報(bao)與實(shi)(shi)際工(gong)(gong)況有(you)(you)很(hen)好(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)符合度(du)。